Which Electric Vehicles Can Actually Tow a Trailer in 2024?

Many modern electric vehicles (EVs) are fully capable of towing, with some electric trucks like the Chevrolet Silverado EV and Ford F-150 Lightning matching or even exceeding the capabilities of their gasoline counterparts. However, successful EV towing requires careful planning due to a significant reduction in driving range and the current state of public charging infrastructure. Based on manufacturer ratings for the 2023 and 2024 model years, here’s a practical guide to what you can tow and the key factors you need to consider.

What Are the Maximum Towing Capacities for 2023 and 2024 EVs?

The towing capacity of an EV varies significantly by model and configuration. Towing capacity refers to the maximum weight a vehicle can pull safely, which is calculated under the SAE J2807 standard to ensure performance and stability. The figures below represent the maximum ratings, which often require a specific trim level, an optional tow package, or all-wheel drive.

Why Does Towing Significantly Reduce an EV's Range?

Towing with an EV currently demands more planning than with a gasoline vehicle primarily due to range anxiety induced by a drastic drop in efficiency. The combined weight and aerodynamic drag of a trailer forces the EV's electric motor to draw significantly more power from the battery.

Based on our assessment experience, you can expect a 40-50% reduction in driving range when towing. A real-world test pitting a Ford F-150 Lightning against an F-150 Hybrid while pulling a 5,900-pound travel trailer demonstrated this clearly. The Lightning's predicted range dropped from 317 miles to just 158 miles—a 50% decrease. This lower efficiency, measured in miles per kilowatt-hour (mi/kWh), means you'll need to charge more frequently. While refueling a gas truck takes minutes, recharging an EV, especially with a large battery, can add hours to a long trip.

What Special Planning is Required for Long-Distance EV Towing?

Successful long-distance towing in an EV hinges on a meticulous charging strategy. The challenges extend beyond just range loss to the physical logistics of charging.

• Charging Station Accessibility: Most public DC fast-charging stations are not designed for vehicles with trailers. You may need to unhitch your trailer in a separate area before pulling into a charging stall, which is inconvenient and time-consuming. Alternatively, you might block multiple chargers, which is frowned upon in the EV community.
• Time Management: Account for significantly longer travel times. A journey that takes 8 hours in a gas truck could take 10-12 hours or more in an EV due to extended charging stops.
• Weather Considerations: Temperature extremes can further reduce an EV's efficiency. Towing in very cold or very hot weather will compound the range loss, making your charging plan even more critical.

The bottom line is that an EV can be a capable tow vehicle, but you must have a detailed charging plan and allow for extra time.

How Do You Tow Safely with an Electric Vehicle?

The same fundamental safety rules for towing with any vehicle apply to EVs. Exceeding your vehicle's limits is dangerous.

1. Know Your Ratings: The tow rating is just one limit. You must also not exceed the vehicle's payload capacity (the weight of passengers and cargo inside the vehicle plus the tongue weight of the trailer) and the Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR) (the total weight of the loaded vehicle and trailer combined). These figures are found on a sticker on the driver's side door jamb.
2. Understand Tongue Weight: This is the downward force the trailer exerts on the hitch. It is typically 10-15% of the total trailer weight and counts directly against your vehicle's payload.
3. Use Proper Equipment: Always use a factory-approved tow package and a weight-distributing hitch for heavier loads to maintain vehicle stability and braking performance.

For safe towing, always consult your owner’s manual and ensure your trailer’s weight is within your EV’s certified limits before you hit the road.